Sciatica is the compression of a bundle of nerves called the sciatic nerve. Presentation is sharp pain that starts in the buttock and radiates down the back of the thigh. A true definition of sciatica includes pain that radiates past the knee into the foot and toes.

Patients often feel sciatic pain with low back pain and describe the sciatic pain as more intense and nerve-like compared to a more diffuse generalized pain common with low back pain. Because the sciatic nerve is involved in sciatica, it is important to identify the source of nerve compression and differentiate it from surrounding nerves.

Common causes of sciatica can be herniation, piriformis spasm, misalignment of the sacrum and pelvis, or anything that compresses the nerve roots. Sneezing, heavy lifting, and straining during bowel movements can all worsen Sciatica symptoms.